A common rivalry in the financial world is “Buy & Hold” vs. “Active Money Management”. So which one is better? Simple answer…it depends! If you were to look at a long-term chart of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (Figure 1) going back to 1900, then you would see alternating time periods of prosperity and times of stagnation (flat to negative growth). On average these alternating time periods are around 15-years in duration. During the three time periods of prosperity “buy and hold” investing provided solid returns. However, during the three periods of no growth “buy and hold” actually lost money especially during the periods of stagflation (which means no growth and high inflation) which caused significant losses in real returns (returns after inflation).

Figure 1
Sources: Ned Davis Research (Secular Bear Markets), WSJ Market Data Group (DJIA)

Figure (1) specifically shows that the market grew from the low in 1915 to 1929 leading up to the “Great Depression”, approximately 14 years of prosperity. Then during the “Great Depression” from 1929 to 1942 the market averaged an annualized loss of 10%. Then, spurred on by World War II the Dow went from 100 in 1942 to 1,000 in 1966 increasing tenfold during a time of prosperity. From 1966 to 1982, a 16 year period of no growth, the market averaged -1.5% per year. Jump started by Reaganomics, then propelled higher by the tech bubble the market had one of its greatest bull markets of all time. From 1982 through 2000 the Dow went from 1,000 to over 10,000. Finally, year 2000 until present we have experience a net loss after 9 years.

Stagflation in the 70’s
Let’s take a closer look at the previous period of stagflation from 1966 to 1982. (Figure 2) As you can see during that 16-year period there were some significant falls and some strong rallies. In fact, the market decline from 1973 to 1975 was a loss of almost 50%. The following year from the 1975 low of 577 to the 1976 high of 1,000 the DOW rallied nearly 75%. During that 16-year time period there were other extreme falls followed by impressive rallies. A good active money management strategy will thrive during those times compared to the “buy and hold” allocation. The “buy and hold” portfolio would have lost money during that’s same 16-year time period.

Recent Market Events
If you look at the most recent decade since 2000 through to the present day (Figure 2), you will see similar major swings in the market. The DOW from 2000 to the end of 2002 was down nearly 40%. During that same time period, the tech heavy NASDAQ was down over 75%! During the following 5-years, the market nearly doubled with almost a 100% return. Then, the biggest market decline since the “Great Depression” came. From November 2007 to March 2009, the DOW was down over 54%. And most recently, in the last 2-months alone, the DOW has increased over 30%. The biggest two month rally in the last 70-years.
Over the past nine years, if you had your money invested properly, it would have been possible to be more defensive during the bad times, like the bursting of the tech bubble and also during 2008. At the same time, it would have been possible to to take advantage of the bull market from 2003-2007 and the recent 30% bounce off the bottom.

Figure 2
Source: StockCharts.com

Advantages of Active Money Management
During the non-growth periods, the reputable active money managers would have most-likely outperformed the “buy and hold” group because of their ability to go cash during the bad times. In turn, being able to get back in the market as the market turned around. To be fair, not all active money managers would have done better than the “buy and hold” managers during those time periods. It is not easy to time when to get in and when to get out of the market. But, reputable active money managers with a solid understanding of technical and fundamental analysis combined with a contrarian mind set, will increase your chances of outperforming the market significantly during times of stagnation and stagflation.

Another major advantage an active money manager has is their ability to spot emerging areas of growth outside of the typical asset allocation, and focus a portion of the portfolio to take advantage of strength in specific sectors. The most recent example of this would be the growth of commodities during 2003-2008. Asset classes like steel, oil, natural gas, coal, fertilizers, etc. outperformed the stock market by over 300% during that same time period. Other examples would be REITs (Real Estate Investment Trusts) from 2000-2005. Real Estate related stocks outperformed the stock market significantly, experiencing positive moves even during the bear market from 2000-2002. Emerging markets from 2003-2008 far outperformed your typical asset allocation during the same time period. Good technicians (chartists) are able to spot and take advantage of new emerging sectors coming off of bottoms.

What’s Next?
I believe we are 9-years into a cyclical 15-year period of stagnation that began in the year 2000. I also believe there is a very good chance over the next year we will see inflation increase because of the amount of money the U.S. government and other governments around the world are spending. If history repeats itself, we will experience extreme volatility. This means we will have powerful moves upward followed by powerful moves downward. If you are in the “buy and hold” camp during this time period, you will be at a serious disadvantage to some active money managers. These money managers will take advantage of powerful upward moves and honing in on the sectors that will outperform during inflationary times. Also, being able to go defensive if the market falls and experiences a prolonged bear trend.

Allgen’s Investment Approach
Allgen specializes in active money management. Through technical and fundamental analysis, along with a contrarian mindset, we strive to navigate the markets during periods of prosperity and/or decline. We constantly research and study the markets to find the next emerging area even in asset classes that are typically not used in your “buy and hold” asset allocation portfolios. During the good times we focus on strength, and during the bad times we try to preserve wealth. During periods of stagnation, such as we are experiencing now and potentially years to come, we see ample opportunities to take advantage of this market. If you want to see how active money management may fit into your overall investment portfolio then please email us advisors@allgenfinancial.com or give us a call at 1-888-6ALLGEN (625-5436).

Written By:
Jason Martin, CFP®, CMT
Senior Partner & Chief Investment Officer
Allgen Financial Services, Inc.
martin@allgenfinancial.com

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If anyone has watched the news in the last six months, things would appear to be apocalyptic.  Some of the main headlines you would have witnessed would be ”Credit Crisis”, “Record Foreclosures”,  “Bernie Madoff – Biggest Ponzi Scheme of all Time”, “Greatest Stock Market fall since the Great Depression”, “25 Year Highs in Unemployment”, “Massive Bank Failures”, “401k’s Down 50%+” and the latest…”Swine-Flu Pandemic”.  That’s enough to make a person feel like the world is coming to an end.  In fact, many people are convinced we are approaching the “end of times” - there are close to 1 billion searches on Google for some variation of an “end of times” scenario.  I won’t try to sugar coat what has occurred over the last year or so as the world has gone through some difficult times, but I will highlight some positives that you rarely hear in the main stream media.  For starters, did you know the over the last month there was a 15 day period where the S&P 500 had it’s biggest rally since the Great Depression?  In fact, since the recent low in the market the S&P 500 is up over 25% and the NASDAQ is up over 32%.

Here are some things to keep in mind as you listen to some of your family, friends and most importantly the main stream media.  Media outlets gain higher ratings over panic-type news so it is only logical for them to exaggerate any story.  This causes a chain reaction that develops into a negative feed-back loop.  As people hear the story’s from the media of mass losses in the stock market, rising unemployment, bank failures, etc. combined with actual experiences of losses or hearing from a friend or family member of losses or hardships that they’ve experienced this will cause people to believe things are worse than they actually are.  Remember that this happens on a massive scale and will create what’s called herd-like behavior.  Then, after the “herd” processes all the information they will tend to do the opposite of what the “bigger”, “smarter” money does – they sell their stocks and go defensive.  Unfortunately the herd is usually wrong and almost always wrong at extreme points in the history of the stock market (I would consider recent times as an extreme point).  When fear is at its highest point the market usually bottoms. This phenomenon occurs because the herd acts on the present and the past and the “smart” money acts on the perceived future.  The “smart” money takes advantage of the panic and of the herd by buying stocks after the panic selling, which gives the smart money the chance to buy low.  The same mentality happens at market peaks, as well.  When everything seems to be going great and the media continues to highlight how great the market is doing (like the tech bubble in the late 90’s), that is when the “smart” money is selling and becoming defensive and unfortunately that is when the herd is buying into stocks.

Some measurements of fear that we track have recently hit 21 year highs and even after the markets recent sharp rally fear indicators are still measuring at extremely high levels.  Most would think this is a bad thing, but I’m telling you that this is a positive and a reason to believe the market could go much higher from here.  On top of that the pundits in the main-stream media doubt this rally and most are saying that the market will come back down.  This too, is a positive, as the herd is usually wrong at extreme points throughout history.  As most of the herd has recently gone defensive, Allgen has been aggressively buying over the last month to take advantage of the recent rally and the high potential for future gains.  History has shown that the biggest market rallies follow the biggest market drops; unfortunately the herd is usually late to the party and won’t participate in the majority of the gains.

Going forward our advice is to be skeptical of what the media is saying and what the herd is doing especially at extreme points in time.  History shows that you’re usually better off doing the opposite of what the herd does.

Written By:
Jason Martin, CMT & CFP
Chief Investment Officer
Allgen Financial Services, Inc.

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